Tess Of The DUrbervilles By Thomas Hardy Essays - Film, Literature

Tess of the d'Urbervilles By Thomas Hardy Tess of the d'Urbervilles By Thomas Hardy Four principle characters (and one-sentence depiction of each) Tess Durbeyfield - She is the principle character who is assaulted, at that point wedded, yet evaded by her significant other on account of the assault while before they were hitched, he had an unsanctioned romance. Alec d'Urberville - He is a man accepted by the Durbeyfield's to be a family member, yet Tess discovers that he is no relative. He begins to look all starry eyed at Tess and assaults her. Blessed messenger Clare - Tess met him at Talbothay's homestead and they began to look all starry eyed at to later get hitched yet isolated right away after the marriage. Joan Durbeyfield - She is Tess' mom who pushed Tess to discover help in the d'Urbervilles just to get Tess assaulted, furthermore, advises Tess to never make reference to the assault or the youngster to anybody. Two minor characters (and one-sentence depiction of each) Marian - She was a specialist at Talbothay's with Tess and began to look all starry eyed at Angel like Tess, however after Tess wedded Heavenly attendant, she stayed solid and aided Tess look for some kind of employment after Angel left. The Clare's - These are the individuals from Holy messenger's family who didn't know about Tess' issues, yet would have made a difference her in the event that they did. Three primary settings (and one-sentence portrayal of each) Marlott - This is Tess' old neighborhood where she grew up and came back to after the occurrence at the d'Urbervilles. Alec d'Urberville's home - Tess went to remain at this house after their family fell out of luck and looked for help from the alleged family members. Talbothays - Trying to locate another life, Tess came here and met Angel whom she began to look all starry eyed at and wedded regardless of rivalry from three different young ladies. One passage plot layout The dad of the Durbeyfield family unit is meandering home when he is informed that he is of the old line of the d'Urbervilles, a once amazing family. Knowing this, he gets back upbeat and transfers the news to his family. In spite of the fact that being from a once incredible family, his present family is out of luck and chooses to look for help from family members by the name of d'Urberville. The family sent Tess to inquire them for help. Tess proceeded to start working for them. Be that as it may, she discovers that they are not genuinely of the d'Urberville line and basically changed their names to d'Urberville. Additionally, she discovers that the child of the house, Alec, isn't of acceptable character. He assaults her and she gets pregnant. She leaves for home feeling terrible. Gives birth, and works with different young ladies in the fields. The infant kicks the bucket what's more, Tess chooses to search for another life somewhere else where nobody is aware of her and the occurrence in the wake of promising herself that she could never get hitched. She winds up at Talbothays filling in as a milk house keeper. There, she meets three young ladies and a man, Angel Clare, working there. She and the other three young ladies like Angel, yet Angel selects Tess from the three. They experience passionate feelings for, and get hitched. In any case, Tess never outlined for Angel the assault and the kid until the night after the wedding. In spite of the fact that he had an unsanctioned romance before the wedding, he becomes enraged and leaves her to go to America where he develops sick. Meanwhile, Tess gets back upset and tries to escape from her difficulties. She meets Alec who still loves her and continues squeezing her to wed him saying that Angel is never going to return. Marian, one of the young ladies who enjoyed Angel, discovers Tess work at the homestead she works at. There she labors for a year before choosing to live with Alec. She lives with Alec for some time before Angel returns communicating his proceeding with adoration for her. Be that as it may, to leave Alec, she kills him and leaves with Angel. They remain in a house in transit home for seven days. Be that as it may, when they leave, Tess is captured for homicide and executed. Heavenly attendant weds Tess' more youthful sister as Tess' last wish. Two images and references The column with the imprint - This column represents Tess' blame of infidelity and murder. Alec says that it was raised by the druid's for some discipline, while others state it was a cross. Tess was captured in the wake of resting by it. Tess' infant - This infant represented Tess' awful conditions which was out of Tess' control. It represents honesty it could be said since this infant was blameless having done nothing incorrectly, yet it was rebuffed by society for originating from such a malevolent demonstration. Having been assaulted, Tess was likewise honest of the

Peoples Republic of China Facts and History

People groups Republic of China Facts and History The historical backdrop of China comes to back more than 4,000 years. In that time, China has made a culture wealthy in reasoning and expressions of the human experience. China has seen the creation of astonishing advancements, for example, silk, paper, black powder, and numerous different items. Throughout the centuries, China has battled many wars. It has vanquished its neighbors, and been vanquished by them thus. Early Chinese travelers, for example, Admiral Zheng He cruised right to Africa; today, Chinas space program proceeds with this custom of investigation. This preview of the Peoples Republic of China today incorporates a fundamentally short output of Chinas old legacy. Capital and Major Cities Capital: Beijing, populace 11 million. Significant Cities: Shanghai, populace 15 million. Shenzhen, populace 12 million. Guangzhou, populace 7 million. Hong Kong, populace 7 million. Dongguan, populace 6.5 million. Tianjin, populace 5 million. Government The Peoples Republic of China is a communist republic governed by a solitary gathering, the Communist Party of China. Force in the Peoples Republic is partitioned between the National Peoples Congress (NPC), the President, and the State Council. The NPC is the single authoritative body, whose individuals are chosen by the Communist Party. The State Council, headed by the Premier, is the regulatory branch. The Peoples Liberation Army additionally uses impressive political force. The present President of China and General Secretary of the Communist Party is Xi Jinping. The Premier is Li Keqiang. Official Language The official language of the PRC is Mandarin, a tonal language in the Sino-Tibetan family. Inside China, nonetheless, just around 53 percent of the populace can convey in Standard Mandarin. Other significant dialects in China incorporate Wu, with 77 million speakers; Min, with 60 million; Cantonese, 56 million speakers; Jin, 45 million speakers; Xiang, 36 million; Hakka, 34 million; Gan, 29 million; Uighur, 7.4 million; Tibetan, 5.3 million; Hui, 3.2 million; and Ping, with 2 million speakers. Many minority dialects additionally exist in the PRC, including Kazakh, Miao, Sui, Korean, Lisu, Mongolian, Qiang, and Yi. Populace China has the biggest populace of any nation on Earth, with more than 1.35 billion individuals. The administration has for some time been worried about populace growthâ and presented the One-Child Policy in 1979. Under this strategy, families were restricted to only one kid. Couples who got pregnant for a subsequent time confronted constrained premature births or cleansing. This arrangement was released in December of 2013 to permit couples to have two youngsters on the off chance that either of the guardians were just kids themselves. There are special cases to the strategy for ethnic minorities, too. Provincial Han Chinese families additionally have consistently had the option to have a subsequent kid if the first is a young lady or has inabilities. Religion Under the socialist framework, religion has been formally debilitated in China. Genuine concealment has changed starting with one religion then onto the next, and from year to year. Numerous Chinese are ostensibly Buddhist and additionally Taoistâ but dont practice routinely. Individuals who self-distinguish as Buddhist aggregate around 50 percent, covering with the 30 percent who are Taoist. Fourteen percent are agnostics, four percent Christians, 1.5 percent Muslims, and minuscule rates are Hindu, Bon, or Falun Gong followers. Most Chinese Buddhists follow Mahayana or Pure Land Buddhism, with littler populaces of Theravada and Tibetan Buddhists. Geology Chinas territory is 9.5 to 9.8 million square kilometers; the inconsistency is because of fringe debates with India. In either case, its size is second just to Russia in Asiaâ and is either third or fourth on the planet. China fringes 14 nations: Afghanistan, Bhutan, Burma, India, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Vietnam. From the universes tallest mountain to the coast, and the Taklamakan desert to the wildernesses of Guilin, China incorporates different landforms. The most elevated point is Mt. Everest (Chomolungma) at 8,850 meters. The most reduced is Turpan Pendi, at - 154 meters. Atmosphere Because of its huge zone and different landforms, China incorporates atmosphere zones from subarctic to tropical. Chinas northern region of Heilongjiang has normal winter temperatures beneath freezing, with record lows of - 30 degrees Celsius. Xinjiang, in the west, can arrive at almost 50 degrees. Southern Hainan Island has a tropical storm atmosphere. Normal temperatures there run uniquely from around 16 degrees Celsius in January to 29 in August. Hainan gets around 200 centimeters (79 inches) of downpour every year. The western Taklamakan Desert gets just around 10 centimeters (4 inches) of downpour and snow every year. Economy In the course of recent years, China has had the quickest developing significant economy on the planet, with yearly development of in excess of 10 percent. Ostensibly a communist republic, since the 1970s the PRC has revamped its economy into an industrialist powerhouse. Industry and farming are the biggest areas, delivering in excess of 60 percent of Chinas GDP, and utilizing more than 70 percent of the workforce. China sends out $1.2 billion U.S. in buyer hardware, office apparatus, and attire, just as some horticultural produce every year. The per capita GDP is $2,000. The official neediness rate is 10 percent. Chinas money is the yuan renminbi. As of March 2014, $1 US 6.126 CNY. History of China Chinese authentic records venture once more into the domain of legend, 5,000 years back. It is difficult to cover even the significant occasions of this antiquated culture in a short space, yet here are a few features. The first non-legendary line to control China was the Xia (2200-1700 BCE), established by Emperor Yu. It was prevailing by the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BCE), and afterward the Zhou Dynasty (1122-256 BCE). Chronicled records are inadequate for these old dynastic occasions. In 221 BCE, Qin Shi Huangdi expected the seat, vanquishing neighboring city-states, and bringing together China. He established the Qin Dynasty, which kept going just until 206 BCE. Today, he is most popular for his tomb complex in Xian (some time ago Changan), which houses the mind boggling armed force of earthenware warriors. Qin Shi Huangs maladroit beneficiary was ousted by the military of average citizen Liu Bang in 207 BCE. Liu then established the Han Dynasty, which went on until 220 CE. In the Han period, China extended west to the extent India, opening exchange along what might later turn into the Silk Road. At the point when the Han Empire crumbled in 220 CE, China was tossed into a time of insurgency and disturbance. For the following four centuries, many realms and fiefdoms vied for power. This time is known as the Three Kingdoms, after the three generally incredible of the opponent domains (Wei, Shu, and Wu), however that is a gross improvement. By 589 CE, the Western part of the Wei lords had aggregated enough riches and influence to overcome their rivalsâ and join China again. The Sui Dynasty was established by Wei general Yang Jianâ and administered until 618 CE. It fabricated the legitimate, administrative, and cultural system for the ground-breaking Tang Empire to follow. The Tang Dynasty was established by a general called Li Yuan, who had the Sui ruler killed in 618. The Tang controlled from 618 to 907 CE, and Chinese craftsmanship and culture prospered. Toward the finish of the Tang, China slipped into bedlam again in the 5 Dynasties and 10 Kingdoms period. In 959, a castle monitor named Zhao Kuangyin took force and crushed the other little realms. He set up the Song Dynasty (960-1279), known for its multifaceted administration and Confucian learning. In 1271, the Mongolian ruler Kublai Khan (grandson of Genghis) set up the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). The Mongols oppressed other ethnic gatherings including the Han Chineseâ and in the long run were toppled by the ethnic-Han Ming. China bloomed again under the Ming (1368-1644), making extraordinary workmanship and investigating similar to Africa. The last Chinese administration, the Qing, controlled from 1644 to 1911, when the Last Emperorâ was overthrown. Power battles between warlords, for example, Sun Yat-Sen ignited the Chinese Civil War. In spite of the fact that the war was hindered for 10 years by the Japanese intrusion and World War II, it got again once Japan was vanquished. Mao Zedong and the Communist Peoples Liberation Army won the Chinese Civil War, and China turned into the Peoples Republic of China in 1949. Chiang Kai Shek, pioneer of the losing Nationalist powers, fled to Taiwan.

Divine Comedy and Dante

Dante Alighieri’s â€Å"The Divine Comedy† is a sonnet written in first individual that recounts Dante’s adjusted inner self journey through the three domains of death, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise while attempting to arrive at profound development and a comprehension of God’s love while accomplishing salvation. Dante makes an inventive correspondence between a soul’s sin on Earth and the discipline one gets in Hell. â€Å"In the center of a mind-blowing excursion I started thinking clearly in a dull wood where the straightway was lost. (Canto I, pg. 11). All through â€Å"The Divine Comedy†, this is the main reference Dante, as I would see it, is alluding to that â€Å"dark place† we as a whole end up in sooner or later in time in our own life. I, as Dante’s Pilgrim, have wound up in this â€Å"dark place† or â€Å"dark wood† once I dismissed the â€Å"beaten path† or â€Å"where the straightway was lost † that I was voyaging (life). However, it was during this time I was lost that I got myself, yet above all, I discovered my spirit. I found the straightway way to my spirit while in obscurity wood. It is at this dim spot or dull wood, that one starts not exclusively to scan for answers to one’s sin yet to look for answers to the inquiries of the heart and psyche. It is here, of the straightway lost, where the heart and psyche no longer battle for right versus wrong yet to collect harmony. Harmony inside one’s soul. The tranquility of one’s soul is conceived once the heart and psyche become one and with this harmony one will keep on looking for God’s salvation similarly as Dante’s Pilgrim. The way to Paradise starts in Hell. † (Dante †The Divine Comedy. At the point when Dante enters Hell on Good Friday, he peruses the accompanying posted over the doors of Hell as he is going to enter (Canto III, line 9): â€Å"Abandon all expectation ye who enter here†. To leave Hell, Dante and his self-conscience, must experience each of the nine circles of Hell, the more prof ound the circle, the more grave the wrongdoing and the sin’s discipline. The gravest discipline is that nobody cares nor will support another while in Hell. Dante perceives that those in Hell have decided to be in Hell willingly however in particular Dante figures out how to perceive and hate man’s wicked nature and the intensity of malice, and the need to make preparations for it. Hellfire has no expectation. Now and again, it appears, more frequently than enough, that both the world and society are getting progressively sad. To lose trust is to lose life. To lose life is to pick up Hell. Living is thinking about the prosperity of man for now and for quite a long time to follow. In the Divine Comedy, to leave Hell, one must experience nine circles of Hell. Yet, for us, are the nine circles of hellfire the nine hours in the day that we infuse ourselves into society? Toward the finish of consistently, do we venture through nine circles of Hell? Do we forsake all expectation as we enter the day? â€Å"The way to Paradise starts in Hell. † If this is to be valid, at that point tomorrow may I conscious in Paradise.

Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death...

Modernism for Emily Dickinson has to do with the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson was a somber thinker who doesn’t try to enlighten anyone of anything. Her poems were uniquely written and she wrote about the uncertainty, which makes her poetry easy to empathize with in the 21st century. The 21st century, is a period of science which is used as a tool to make sense of the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson uses her poetry as a means to question and observe the trauma of human existence. For instance, she doesn’t shy away from the reality of death in her poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death†. Emily Dickinson being obsessed with the concept of death influenced her to question the effect that death creates by painting death as a traveling companion in her poem. Dickinson as a modern writer challenges traditional beliefs such as gender norms and society in her poem â€Å"I gave myself to him†. She questions the value of marriage which is treated as a business t ransition. She also went against traditional writing as demonstrated by her use of punctuation. Emily Dickinson doesn’t purposely strive towards an end or aim to convince the audience of something, which makes her poetry work as riddles so that the reader questions and analyzes her poetry. Through analyzing Emily Dickinson’s poetry, she demonstrates that she is a modern poet by questioning and observing the values of the nineteenth century. Emily Dickinson enables the reader to come up with many interpretations of her poems becauseShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death867 Words   |  4 Pagesthe idea of death, many thoughts can come to mind. These thoughts can include peaceful, scary, inevitable, cold, and many other things. Being one of the only female poets of her time, Emily Dickinson is a profound writer and her poems are intricate works of art. In her poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† Dickinson uses strong dict ion and imagery to describe the intimacy an individual has with death when it is encountered. Emily Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† is a poemRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``762 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson concentrates many of her poems on the theme of death, predominantly her own. These â€Å"poems about death confront its grim reality with honesty, humor, curiosity, and above all a refusal to be comforted (â€Å"Emily Dickinson 1830-1886† 1659). While this was not an out of the ordinary topic during the American Romantic era, Dickinson seemed near obsessive in her focus. Additionally, Dickinson seems questionable in her thoughts on religion, another theme popular during the American RomanticRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``1088 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson’s poems are shorter than most, but that does not mean that they lack depth or skill. Dickinson uses many brilliant literary techniques in her poetry such as allusions, personification, juxtaposition, metaphors and so many others. Her unique use of symbolism throughout her poems really makes the reader think twice on what they are reading. And since the majority of her poems are short, it makes it easier to reread the poem numerous times. In Emily Dickinson’s PoemRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death1751 Words   |  8 Pages Outlook on Death in Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† Death is considered by many to be the heartbreaking end of life; the moment when one is bound to hopelessness, to accept loss, and to accept the inevitable. As discouraging as this outlook on death may appear, it is captivating why Emily Dickinson preferred to make death one among the major themes of her poems. Because numerous poets of the 19th century wrote about death, Dickinson was not exceptional in picking this idea. HoweverRead MoreEmily Dickinson s A Route Of Evanescence And Because I Could Not Stop For Death1167 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson published only a few poems during her time. Her work was only truly discovered after her death of kidney disease in 1886 at the age of fifty-six. Upon her death her sister Lavinia Dickinson found hundreds of poems tied into a book stitched together by Emily. People claim that she is the most original 19th Century American Poet and is now considered one of the towering figures of American literature. Although She is known for her unconventional broken rhyming meterRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death854 Words   |  4 Pages Death is everywhere. From the insect you killed this morning to the family member you lose recently, there is no force stronger than death. Emily Dickinson, a 19th century writer, indulges that fact but also goes beyond it in her work. Dickinson revisits the theme of death in her poetry. Through her work, she shows readers her fascination with death the emotions associated with it. In â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz when I died† and â€Å"I’ve seen a Dying Eye†, Dickinson shows us a very intimate view of a personRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death877 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson is known for writing poems that relate to death and dying, and the poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for death† is no exception. This is a narrative poem that illustrates the passage from life to death as a carriage ride through a quiet town. In this particular poem, the speaker has already passed away and is remembering what seems to be a fond memory, however that is not revealed till the final stanza. There are only two characters, The speaker and Death. The speaker is a lady whoRead MoreFigurative Language And Imagery Of Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``2152 Words   |  9 Pages Emily Dickinson is considered to be one of the greatest poets of figurative language and imagery. I found her poem â€Å"Because I could N ot Stop for Death† to be an exemplary illustration of those forms of writing. Enlaced with the personifications of Death, Immortality, and Eternity; Dickinson reaches into the depths of the reader’s psyche and transports them on a journey into her world of life after death. In this essay, I will attempt to show that due to certain event that occurred towards theRead MoreThe Author That I Decided To Discuss The Literary Significance1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe author that I decided to discuss the literary significance is Emily Dickinson. Dickinson was born, raised, and in Amherst, Massachusetts in December 10, 180 and died May 15, 1886 in the same state. Her father was Edward Dickinson, and her mother was also named Emily, Emily Norcross Dickinson. Emily Dickinson went to Mount Holyoke College, a small private school in South Hadley, Massachusetts. She’s known as one of the best American Poet. Emily s poem were frequently perceived by a wide rangeRead MoreEmily Dickinson : The Point When A Reader1749 Words   |  7 PagesHorieh Introduction to Literature Professor Knoernschild November 27, 2015 Emily Dickinson At the point when a reader hears the name Emily Dickinson, they consider a female who composed verse that has been surely understood for a considerable length of time and years. Much to their dismay that Emily Dickinson established American Literature, and began an entire unrest of verse. The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundation

Quotes from Anti-Slavery Activist Angelina Grimké

Angelina Grimkà © and her older sister Sarah Moore Grimkà © were born to a slaveholding family in Americas South. They became Quakers, and then became antislavery and womens rights speakers and activists - in fact, they were the only white Southern women known to be part of the abolitionist movement. Grimkà ©s family was prominent in Charleston, South Carolina, society, and were major slaveholders. Angelina was the youngest of fourteen siblings and was always closest with her older sister, Sarah, who was thirteen years older than her. As a teenager, she began her first anti-slavery activities by teaching her familys slaves about religion. Her faith became a major part of the foundation of her abolitionist views, believing that slavery was an un-Christian and immoral institution, although other Christians of her time had found Bible verses and interpretations that they could claim supported slavery. Because of the way that her fellow Presbyterian endorsed slavery, Grimkà ©s abolitionist beliefs were not welcomed, and she was expelled from the church in 1829. She became a Quaker instead, and realizing that she would never be able to change the beliefs of Southern slaveowners, she and Sarah moved to Philadelphia. Even the Quakers slow reform proved too gradual for Angelina, and she became involved in the radical abolition movement. Among her most famous published letters was An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South, published in 1836 to try to persuade Southern women of the evils of slavery. She and her sister Sarah both became abolitionist speakers throughout New England, sparking new discussions (and controversies) about womens rights as well as abolition. In February 1838, Angelina addressed the Massachusetts State Legislature, defending the abolition movement and womens rights to petition and becoming the first American woman to address a legislative assembly. Her lectures drew some criticism, as she pointed out that passive complicity, not just active slave-owning, propped up the institution of slavery, but she was generally respected for her eloquence and persuasiveness. Even after Grimkà ©s health declined in later years, she still corresponded with activist friends and continued her activities on a smaller, more personal scale. Selected Angelina Grimkà © Quotations I recognize no rights but human rights -- I know nothing of mens rights and womens rights; for in Christ Jesus there is neither male nor female. It is my solemn conviction that, until this principal of equality is recognized and embodied in practice, the church can do nothing effectual for the permanent reformation of the world.Women ought to feel a particular sympathy in the colored mans wrong, for, like him, she has been accused of mental inferiority, and denied the privileges of a liberal education....thou art blind to the danger of marrying a woman who feels and acts out the principle of equal rights...Hitherto, instead of being a help meet to man, in the highest, noblest sense of the term, as a companion, a co-worker, an equal; she has been a mere appendage of his being, an instrument of his convenience and pleasure, the pretty toy with which he whiled away his leisure moments, or the pet animal whom he humored into playfulness and submission.Abolitionists never sought place or power. All they asked was freedom; all they wanted was that the white man should take his foot off the negros neck.Slavery always has, and always will, produce insurrections wherever it exists, because it is a violation of the natural order of things.My friends, it is a fact that the South has incorporated slavery into her religion; that is the most fearful thing in this rebellion. They are fighting, verily believing that they are doing God service.I know you do not make the laws, but I also know that you are the wives and mothers, the sisters and daughters, of those who do.If a law commands me to sin I will break it; if it calls me to suffer, I will let it take its course unresistingly. Selected Sources Grimkà ©, Angelina (1836). An Appeal to Christian Women of the South. http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/abolitn/abesaegat.html Grimkà ©, Angelina (1837). Letter to Catharine Beecher.  Quoted in American Political Thought: New York: W.W. Norton, 2009. Grimkà ©, Sarah Moore (1838).  Letters on the Equality of the Sexes, and the Condition of Woman: Addressed to Mary S. Parker. Archive.org. Weld, Theodore Dwight, Grimkà ©, Angelina, Sarah Grimkà © (1839). American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses. https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/weld/weld.html

Are There Any Convincing Explanations Of The Rise Autism

Daria Sova Dr. Huculak English 135 15 December 2014 Are There Any Convincing Explanations of the Rise In Autism Cases in Children? Autism is a word that every modern parent is aware, and even afraid of. This word autism, however, has become common quite recently. It first appeared in 1943-1944 when Leo Kanner in Baltimore and Hans Asperger in Vienna, published articles describing a childhood disorder named â€Å"autism†. They actually borrowed this term from Kraepelin and Bleuler, who used it to â€Å"describe the escape from reality and withdrawal seen in schizophrenia† (Catherine and Frà ©dà ©rique 2431-2443). Now the term â€Å"autism spectrum disorder†(ASD) refers to a â€Å"condition of early childhood characterized by multiple impairments in socialization and communication, as well as unusual interests and repetitive behavior†(Lawrence and Karen 51-53). According to Dr.Jose Cordero, director of the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, autism has become an â€Å"urgent public health issue†(Caroline). It is a global phenomenon occurring in indu strialized countries. Statistics shows a huge increase of autism in children: in 2000 every one in 150 children was autistic compared to one in 68 now(Alice). The most well known causes of autism are the use of vaccines, the increasing age of parents, and genetically modified foods. In addition, most researchers now believe that autism is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental triggers and possibly the use ofShow MoreRelatedDangers of Exposure to Thimerosal Mercury Essay1888 Words   |  8 Pagesdisorders. The four disorders include Rett syndrome; Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD); atypical autism, Asperger’s syndrome; and Autism. Asperger’s syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder characterized by little social interaction, restricted patterns of behavior and interests. Asperger’s syndrome is different from autism by its preservation of language and cognitive development. Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmenta l disorder diagnosed between birth and 36 months that affectsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology Terms9960 Words   |  40 Pagesthe childs efforts at communication. most likely, the child is receiving whats the big deal? i just dont understand why that matters to you. why cant you just do what i do ? this quote provides evidence that most strongly supports the _____ explanation for antisocial personality disorder will that program really help? I keep hearing bad things about how kids act once they leave. based on research, the person who said this would be most accurate if she or he were expressing reservations aboutRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageslogo, and Brooks/Cole are trademarks used herein under license. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web dist ribution, information storage and retrieval systems, or in any other manner—without the written permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about ourRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespublishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions DepartmentRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pages POVERTY LEVEL; FPL.—The 6 terms ‘‘Federal poverty level’’ and ‘‘FPL’’ have the 7 meaning given the term ‘‘poverty line’’ in section 8 673(2) of the Community Services Block Grant Act 9 (42 U.S.C. 9902(2)), including any revision required 10 by such section. 11 (12) HEALTH BENEFITS PLAN.—The term 12 ‘‘health benefits plan’’ means health insurance cov- 13 erage and an employment-based health plan and in- 14 cludes the public healthRead MoreChange Management49917 Words   |  200 Pagesalteration of status quo or making things different. It may refer to any alteration which occurs in the overall work environment of an organization. When an organizational system is disturbed by some internal or external force, the change may occur. The change is modification of the structure or process of a system, that may be good or even bad. It disturbs the existing equilibrium or status quo in an organization. The change in any part of the organization may affect the whole of the organization,

Sola free essay sample

Location 1 11 July 1200 UTCWModerate 11 July 1800 UTCNWGentle 12 July 0000 UTCWModerate 12 July 1200 UTCNEStrong 13 July 1200 UTCNEStrong Location 2 11 July 1200 UTCNModerate 11 July 1800 UTCNWGentle 12 July 0000 UTCNWModerate 12 July 1200 UTCWGentle 13 July 1200 UTCSWGentle b) I) The wind direction variation is not great and the speeds do not chande too much either. That would be great for wind generation regardless the low speeds of the wind. II) Great variations in the wind direction that goes from N to NW and then to SW are not good for wind generation as the turbines do not have the capacity to change directions that much. The wind direction changes due to the cold front that pass trough that area. The low speed of winds alos does not help in the generation. Question 2 a) I) Location 1 To calculate the pressure at 110m we use the expression: z=Po? EXP-zH So, substituting the values we have P110=101. 5 ? EXP-1108000 And as result we got 100. 1kPa To calculate the temperature at 110 we use: Tz=To-? z-zo) So, substituting the values we have T110=285. We will write a custom essay sample on Sola or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 15-100? 0. 005 And as result we got 284. 65 x10? To calculate the density of the air we use: ? =3. 4836? PT So, substituting the values we have ? =3. 4836? 100. 114284. 65 And as result we got 1. 225 Location 2 In location 2 we use the same expressions So, for pressure at 110m we have : P1100=101. 5 ? EXP-11009000 As result we got: 89. 8 x 10? Pa For temperature at 110m we have : T1100=285. 15-100? 0. 005 As result we got: 289. 1 x 10? For the density of air we have : ? =3. 4857? 89. 82289. 15 As result we got: 1. 082 II) In the location 1 the direction is SW and in the location 2 the direction is SE III) Location 1 To calculate the coriolis fator we use the expression:f=2 sin? Substituting the values we have f=1. 458? 10-4? sin(410) And as result we got 0. 11 x 10-4 (1s) To calculate the air density at see level we use the expression:? =3. 4857? PT Substituting the values we have:? =3. 4857? 101. 5285. 15 And as result we got: 1. 24 To calculate the wind speed near surface we use the expression:U=1 f P? D Where ?P=400 ?D=200 Substituting the values we haveU=11. 24? 0. 11 x 10-4? 400200? 103 And as result we got: 14. 4ms Location 2 In location 2 we use the same expressions So, for coriolis fator we have : f=1. 458? 10-4? sin(310) As result we got: 0. 11 x 10-4 (1s) For air density we have : ? =3. 4857? PT As result we got: 1. 24 For the wind speed near surface we have : ?P=400 ?D=280 So, U=11. 09? 0. 11 x 10-4? 400280? 103 As result we got: 11. 7ms IV) The location 1 can be classified as near gale (number 7) and location 2 can be classified as strong breeze (number 6). V) To calculate the power we use the expression: P=0. 5 v3 So for location 1 we have: 0. 5*1. 225*14. 443=1. 85kWm2 And for location 2 we have: 0. 5*1. 082*11. 733=0. 87kWm2 b) The profile of the terrain can change the velocity of the wind, due to its roughness the changes from each terrain. If the velocity od the wind is changed, the power will also change. The wind speed can influence in the power because it is related exponencially with it. Small variances in speed can cause a huge difference in the power generated. The topography of the site can interfeer as well because it can create obstacles for the wind or turbulance, changing the generated power. The pressure can also affect the power, the higher the pression is the best for the wind power potencial because the air density i salso greater. c) This evaluation is not suficiente because we have to take in account others elements that are no related to the power generated, like the proximity to roads and transmission lines. The demografic density of the site, the presence of national parks and problems with the society like noise and visual polution. Question 3 In the winter the the high pressure area in the ocean results in soutern winds in location 1 and 2. Since the isobars are closer in location 2 the winds there are stronger then in location 1. In the summer the pressure area in the ocean becomes low. It causes a change in wind directions are from NW. Those changes in the wind direction are not good for the wind genertion. The location 2 has greater wind speeds than location 1, what make it a better place a wind farm. Question 5 a) The available wind energy can be calculated by the following expression.

The Coming Of Age Essay Example For Students

The Coming Of Age Essay The Coming of AgeChildhood is a time where children learn about the world around themselves. They see and experience many factors that influence their everyday lives, which help them grow stronger when they become adults. In Girl; by Jamaica Kincaid and The Lesson; by Toni Cade Bambara the characters within the stories learn valuable lesson with help them grow to become better individuals. In The Lesson; the character of Sugar undergoes a realization that society does not treat everyone equally, that not every individual has the same opportunity and equality that they should have. In Girl; the main character learns that she must be perceived as a woman and not as a slut, her mother brings to her attention of how the world is and what she must to do in order to survive in it. Lessons that children learn all help them grow to become better individuals, in Girl; and The Lesson; the lessons that the characters learn both help them grow to become better and stronger individuals. We will write a custom essay on The Coming Of Age specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In The Lesson; the character, Sugar undergoes a realization of the world around her, through her teacher Miss Moore, Sugar notices that there is a better way of living in the world besides, her own little world with her friends. Sugar says, You know, Miss Moore, I dont think that all of us here put together eat in a year what that sailboat costs,; (Bambara 452). Miss Moore is an African American woman who has broken through the expectation that society has placed on her class and on her color. Bambara presents Miss Moore as a very educated and intelligent woman, who has a college degree. With her knowledge Miss Moore sets out to educate the deprived and lower classed children and teach them of the world around them. She sets out to open their eyes, as well as their knowledge of the world around them. Miss Moore says, Imagine for a minute what kind of society it is in which some people can spend on a toy what it would cost to feed a family of six or seven. What do you think?,; (Bambar a 452). Sugars realization of the world outside of her own, opens her mind to many questions that she never imagined before. She realizes that there is a better standard of living in the world and that society is not equal, as it should be, I think, . . . that this is not much of a democracy if you ask me. Equal chance to pursue happiness means an equal crack at the dough, dont it?,; (Bambara 452). In this quotation Sugar realizes what Miss Moore set out to teach the lower classed and deprived children, her goal was to open their eyes and make them aware of how much more there is out there then making pocket change. What kinda work they do and how they live and how come we aint in on it? Where we are is who we are, Miss Moore always pointin out. But it dont necessarily have to be that way, she always adds then waits for somebody to say that poor people have to wake up and demand their share of the pie and place,; (Bambara 452). With her eyes wide open and with her mind curious and e ducated, Sugar and her friends realize that in order for them to get some where in life they have to work at it, but not as in individual but as a whole, a class. The only way for them to make a difference to change societies view of their class and become part of the rest of societies. .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .postImageUrl , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:hover , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:visited , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:active { border:0!important; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:active , .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1f90a0fee934908ef62260324455311c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kelli EssayIn Girl; Kincaid lists a series of orders from a mother to a daughter in such a way that the characters lives are illuminated and transformed by the mundane household details. The Girl; is more of a gender type of a story, but there is also a lesson that needs to be realized by the girl. In this story the mother of this girl is her teacher, she tells her daughter of how the world is around her, just like Miss Moore in The Lesson.; The mother in this story tries to make her daughter realize that he needs to be viewed as a woman within society. Who or what the daughter is on the inside can be for herself, but on the outside she cannot let her actions give and impr ession that she is a slut to society. The mother says, this is how you smile to someone you like completely; this is how you set a table for tea; . . . this is how to behave in the presence of men who dont know you very well, and this way they wont recognize immediately the slut I have warned you against becoming, . . .; (Kincaid 33). As this story progresses the mother lists various chores and behaviors she must do in order for her to remain a woman and not be viewed as a slut, be sure to wash everyday, . . . dont squat down to play marbles-you are not a boy, you know, . . .; (Kincaid 33). In this story the girl wishes to rebel against what her mother wishes for her to do, but she dose not wish to be viewed as a slut, if she doesnt do everything her mother has taught her. Mother says, this is how to make ends meet; always squeeze bread to make sure its fresh; but what is the baker wont let me feel the bread?; you mean to say that after all you are really going to be the kind of wom an who the baker wont let near the bread?,; (Kincaid 34). In this story an issue of gender arises, where a girl needs to be taught how to become a woman and not be viewed as a slut. The daughter in Girl; wants to rebel against her mother and not be viewed as a slut to society, therefore hoping that society will not look down upon her, if she does not do everything that the mother has taught her that she must do. In the stories of the Girl; and The Lesson; different lessons are learned, but the common realization of the world around them is learned by the characters and how each of the characters must learn to rebel against societies views. This realization helps them grow smarter and stronger as they grow older and come of age, from childhood to adulthood. Society has set standards for individuals to live by, but it is up to those individuals to break away, or live by the standards and views of society. It is not much of a democracy if you ask me. Equal chance to pursue happiness me ans an equal crack at the dough,; (Bambara 452). In reality, society has set standards for everyone to live by. Those who break away from it are look down upon if they fail, but if they succeed they are praised by, this may be the only way to change societies views of gender, class, and race; it is by succeeding in everything that you do.

Free Essays on Fear

Audience: Anyone who has ever experienced fear and would like to overcome it. Fear: the mere sight of the word makes some of us cringe. It is a feeling we have all dealt with at one time or another. It is something that we first experience as children, and are conditioned to respond to in many different ways. Some of us live in constant fear; of accidents, of bad people doing us harm, or of physical ailments. Others simply take things as they come in life, whether they are good or bad things. In the dictionary, fear is defined as: â€Å"a feeling of agitation or anxiety caused by the presence or imminence of danger.† That is a rather ominous definition. Fear can also refer to general anxiety, as in â€Å"fear of speaking in public† or â€Å"fear of open areas†. These fears arise not necessarily from a present or imminent threat, but rather a perceived threat, which to some can be just as scary. For most people fear is an unpleasant feeling and it is important that we learn to deal with fear in the best manner possible. Most of us have seen a horror movie at one time or another. Seeing a scary movie is a good way to learn to deal with fear. We allow ourselves to be involved in the plot to the point that it scares us, but in the end we know that the movie story isn’t real and we can go home to our safe houses and not be sought out by the monsters on the screen. Seeing a scary movie is a good type of fear. It is fear generated by our imaginations for the purpose of entertainment. Another good type of fear is the fear generated by adventure sports such as skydiving. Those who enjoy skydiving realize that there is a certain amount of risk involved with the sport. If things don’t go right the skydiver could be seriously injured or killed. The participants involved in skydiving realize there is that chance, but the ultimate goal is to have fun, so this is also a good type of fear. There are ... Free Essays on Fear Free Essays on Fear Fear- Acknowledge it- Respect it- Live with it Do all living things fear something? Those that have minds surely have many different fears, but even the simplest organisms must have fear, due to the fact that fear is such a powerful feeling. Fear is all around us and is felt everywhere on earth. Fear is defined as; the emotion or feeling that a living creature gets when its physical or mental life is interrupted by a change that causes the creature concern. Humans especially, fear many different things; death, disease, old age, commitment, noises in the night, pain, responsibility, work, being too fat or too thin, or any number of other things. Some of our fears are reasonable, like the fear for our safety so we lock our doors, don’t walk alone on dark streets, or turn on lots of lights to keep something we fear away. We fear for our health so we diet, exercise, and eat only healthy foods. Our fears can also help us make decisions such as, where to live, what to do with our money, how to raise our children, or even what kind of car to drive. Our fears may be sudden like when your brother jumps out behind you and yells ‘boo’. People’s fears can also be built up over a long period of time, for example, during the cold war millions of people thought that at any moment they would be attacked by the Russians, so they built bomb shelters because of that fear. Some of our fears come straight from our imagination. They may appear irrational or silly to others but fear, real or imagined, is still fear. Fears seem to sneak up on us, drenching us in sweat sending our heart rate rocketing, leaving us quaking and shivering. Some fears we may see coming and our body and mind prepare to fight or flee. We see and understand those kinds of fears and can use rational thinking, stress reduction, and plan our actions to combat those fears. One of the things we fear the most is the loss of control. Even if we really don’t have control, ... Free Essays on Fear Audience: Anyone who has ever experienced fear and would like to overcome it. Fear: the mere sight of the word makes some of us cringe. It is a feeling we have all dealt with at one time or another. It is something that we first experience as children, and are conditioned to respond to in many different ways. Some of us live in constant fear; of accidents, of bad people doing us harm, or of physical ailments. Others simply take things as they come in life, whether they are good or bad things. In the dictionary, fear is defined as: â€Å"a feeling of agitation or anxiety caused by the presence or imminence of danger.† That is a rather ominous definition. Fear can also refer to general anxiety, as in â€Å"fear of speaking in public† or â€Å"fear of open areas†. These fears arise not necessarily from a present or imminent threat, but rather a perceived threat, which to some can be just as scary. For most people fear is an unpleasant feeling and it is important that we learn to deal with fear in the best manner possible. Most of us have seen a horror movie at one time or another. Seeing a scary movie is a good way to learn to deal with fear. We allow ourselves to be involved in the plot to the point that it scares us, but in the end we know that the movie story isn’t real and we can go home to our safe houses and not be sought out by the monsters on the screen. Seeing a scary movie is a good type of fear. It is fear generated by our imaginations for the purpose of entertainment. Another good type of fear is the fear generated by adventure sports such as skydiving. Those who enjoy skydiving realize that there is a certain amount of risk involved with the sport. If things don’t go right the skydiver could be seriously injured or killed. The participants involved in skydiving realize there is that chance, but the ultimate goal is to have fun, so this is also a good type of fear. There are ... Free Essays on Fear Definition Essay He was running, he didn’t apprehend what he was running from, but he ran and when he tried to look back, he wasn’t able to. What was he running from and why. He woke up drenched with sweat, it was only a dream. A dream that he wouldn’t want to remember. He sat straight up from his bed, beads of sweat rolled down the side of his unshaven face. Confused from the dream, he wondered what it might have meant. He rolled out of bed and walked sluggishly towards the kitchen to get a glass of water. He glanced at the clock on his nightstand, he froze in his action, where did the clock go, and he frantically searched the dull Grey room with his eyes. At last, he found it, on the bookshelf, feeling relieved, he poured a glass of water in a crystal clear glass cup. The water felt good, nice and cool against his dry throat, he felt better already. Not knowing what he was going to do next, he to turned to walk towards the t.v. When a flash appeared before his eyes. Blood was on the floor, he refused to look back and see what was happening, he kept running and running, then as quick as a wink, he was back into reality. Shaken up by the image, he grasped a chair and sat on it. He can feel a headache coming, he rubbed his temples with his two fingers. His features are simply, but yet sophisticated, at work wears the white collar shirt ironed to the exact crease, black pants, black tie and black jacket, juts the way he wants it, nice and plain. His hair is clean cut. That morning, he appeared to look less neat, but more casual, wearing his sweat pants and T-shirt that’s been wrinkled to the tossing and turning of his sleep the night before, his unshaven face look as if he was having a relaxing day, instead of looking so tense all the time. He thought to himself, what has he done wrong, he was what everybody wanted, handsome, smart, nice car, nice apartment, great personality and a perfect guy. What more did they want. His p...

Corporal Pushment In Children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporal Pushment In Children - Research Paper Example Some countries and states have legalized corporal punishment; however, in some states and countries, corporal punishment is banned. This paper discusses the issue of corporal punishment in detail. Corporal Punishment on Children Karem De Gouveia Mr. Roycraft ENC 1101- T November 15, 2011 De Gouveia i Outline I- Introduction Thesis: Corporal punishment as a sort of physical punishment is legalized in some states of the world while other states regard it disadvantageous for the children’s physical and mental growing up. II- Definition of Corporal Punishment A. Characteristics of physical abuse B. The goal of corporal punishment III- Kinds of Corporal Punishment A. Domestic punishment B. How is the corporal punishment in the judicial system IV- Views of Different Schools of Thoughts A. Different views on corporal punishment. B. The point of view in the state of Texas C. As per the law of New Hampshire V- Impact of Corporal Punishment on Children A. Positive Impact B. Negative Imp act De Gouveia 1 Corporal Punishment in Children Physical abuse of children at the hands of their parents and / or guardian is considered corporal punishment. It is considered as a sort of constructive punishment inflicted upon children to discipline them. In many developed countries of the world, parents / guardians cannot be prosecuted for physical assault under their laws. Even in the developing countries, there is no law which makes parents / guardians answer to the law enforcing agencies for spanking or slapping their children. Physical abuse is a part of corporal punishment. According to Gershoff (2002), â€Å"Physical abuse is characterized by the infliction of physical injury as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, shaking or otherwise harming a child. The parent and caretaker may not have intended to hurt the child; rather the injury may have resulted from over- discipline or physical punishment.† (pp. 540). Regardless, if there was an intention t o hurt the child or not, the child was hurt, and it can be considered physical abuse. Corporal punishment by its nature comprises domestic, academic and judicial punishments. Domestic punishment means children receive punishment from parents / guardian. With regard to academic institutions, students are punished by teachers / administrators at the elementary level. In the judicial system, corporal punishment is applied upon prisoners by the De Gouveia 2 superintendent of prison and other associated officials in line with the judgment of the court. The goal of corporal punishment is to place the people on the right track. It differs from people to people in terms of age. As far as the children are concerned, the parental corporal punishment proves effective at the initial period of life of a child if he / she is below the age of eighteen. To make a child good in behavior, he or she should be intimated for corporal punishment or corporal punishment should be inflicted upon as the expe rience may be. This has been legal in many schools of United States of America. However, Canada, Kenya, Korea, South Africa, New Zealand, Europe except France are exempted from such punishment. It has virtually vanished from the western world. However, it can be seen in Africa and Asia. (Straus & Donnelly 27) Different schools of thought may have different views on corporal punishment, but they agree on one thing that is the necessity to repair the attitudes of children. However, the method of causing harm may vary from

Mandating Nurse-Patient Ratios Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mandating Nurse-Patient Ratios - Research Paper Example Once out there, the nurses would have to use their political influence and legislative power to determine which policies when put in place would be most effective One of the policies that would be vital is knowing where and when to reach out to masses of people. Once established, they should concentrate on creating awareness to citizens on their main areas of concerns and of how it will serve to benefit both parties. They should then take time and perform regular visits until the message has been passed on convincingly and effectively. Once knowledgeable on the topic, the citizens would then be in a position to agree with the nurses. Choosing an influential figure with a better understanding on the societal problems as well as one whom citizens can relate easily with would also be beneficial (Moss, 2000). Understanding their main agendas as well as sticking to the subject matter at the local level would enable the leaders of the committee to stay focused. This would also be instrumental in ensuring that the citizens get a full understanding of the legislative process. Creating such an enabling environment clears any doubts whatsoever that any citizen has and places them in a better position. At the state level, communicating with individuals would require for instance setting up committees that deal with them on say a weekly basis by scheduling meetings. Meeting places such as parks and malls would be effective joints for giving out communicae concerning the legislation process. Issuing flyers, brochures or creating adverts would be some of the measures the nurses would use in ensuring that citizens are fully educated on the topic. Once well endowed, citizens would be better placed in providing support to the nurses and the legislation process (Nagelkerk, 2005). Additionally, the nurses would create more awareness at their places of work through giving out the information to patients who come for treatment. They could also encourage the patients

Aristotle and Plato Essay Example for Free

Aristotle and Plato Essay One of the greatest philosophers of all time was a man named Aristotle, the ancient greek philosopher. He was practically influenced every area of conceptual modern thinking. His mind set was in terms of materialism, which he essentially viewed substance on Earth before ideas and qualities. He genuinely believed in the notion of analyzing compounds and characteristics of people and their actions. Aristotle, who was a student of Plato, believed in â€Å"virtue of character and thought†, which means that virtue results from teaching, experience, and habits rather than Platos idealism notions of ideas and qualities (pg. 265-266). He believed that peoples noble actions would lead to virtue and that all things in life had an end. That all ends must result in something good, an example would be an acorn, the end of an acorn would be an acorn tree. Aristotle believed that it was inevitable for humans to obtain happiness over a course of time and that this was the end for a human being. He believed that in order to be virtuous, one must first avoid temperance and deficiency. Aristotle also claims that justice can mean both lawfulness and fairness or injustice can mean unlawfulness and unfairness. His notion was that the law encouraged people to pursue virtue, therefore, the lawful person would result to being virtuous. In essence, he claims that people who pursue virtue will be just and those who do not pursue virtue will be unjust. He believed that sensory perceptions in the human soul are reflections of objects, and thoughts in consciousness are based on what we have already seen. Plato believed that the average person could not see the truth, therefore, the noble lie was essential to get people to pursue their natural form or task. A simple ascetic city with the notion of everyone having natural abilities to do a certain job was justice for Plato. In contrast, Aristotle, did not believe that humans had access to these perfect forms in their minds as a way to reach justice and the perfect city. He argues that justice is a complete virtue when exercising virtue in relation to others and that it requires intellectual virtue. That a virtuous person should pursue the most pleasant and happy life, which is the philosophical life of contemplation and speculation. The highest good for Aristotle is the end of a human, which is gained through virtuous action over their course of a life time. In order to live a life of virtue according to Aristotle, one must find the mean or good actions, which finding the mean is virtuous actions. By exercising virtue in relations to others is a good thing that will lead to a virtuous happy life and this will inevitably lead to an end of a human being, which is happiness. He was not a hedonist, his highest good reflected on reason, virtue, and experience that gains practical wisdom and that people learn from mistakes. This notion of a human gaining happiness by living a virtuous life reflects on his notion of a content society. Aristotles perception of justice was similar to Platos in the way that virtue related to both temperance and courage, but in all other aspects they were completely in contrast. Virtue consisted of habits and making right choices for the individual to be just, according to Aristotle. Virtue of temperance and courage causes people to be in a â€Å"good state† and to perform their â€Å"functions† well (pg. 269). Therefore, in order to acquire justice in Aristotles perception, virtue would have to take place within the individuals state of character and reason for the whole in order to pursue virtue. Equality being about justice and exercising freedom was permissible according to Aristotle. He was really about diversity, but not a feminist, he clearly reduced the womens roles in society, which was normal due to an era of sexism. There where three forms of happiness according to Aristotle- a life of pleasure and enjoyment, a life of free and responsibility, and a life as a thinker and philosopher. He rejected the imbalance of these premises and it was essential in human relationships. Therefore, finding the mean and his example of not to be cowardly or impulsive, but courageous. Aristotle believed in the mixture of constitutions, which means that if you mix â€Å"oligarchy† and â€Å"democracy†, which would be essentially â€Å"polity†; bringing a large middle class, then there can be more equality and justice among the citizens (pg. 403). He described democracy as a form of government that would overthrow the rich. Therefore, where the poor are predominant, there will be democracy. Hes implying that there is a better way; modern way to conduct a government where the people are not ruled by a monarch or tyranny. This means that if you rely on one type of constitution, then it would inevitably lead to depravity by changing into a bad constitution. An example would be if monarchy was established, then it would lead to tyranny or aristocracy to oligarchy. Aristotles notion was that in order to have equality, then a mixture of constitutions was necessary for justice. He he elaborates on constitutions, he is indicating the system of government that should be established. This relates to virtue because in order to be virtuous depravity must be impermissible and having a mixture of constitutions brings a balance to good. He advocates on having a massive middle class would be essential in order to have a balance of equality and fairness. He supports on having this large middle class because it will genuinely bring a balance in society and impact on politics according to Aristotle. The virtue of justice belongs to the city, a self-determination of what is just. He advocates on the art of acquisition; that wealth should have a limit. He does not seem to like people who are upset with moneymaking. He emphasized on that a democracy was essentially the worse type of government; just as a tyranny. If there is no large middle class, then democracy denounces to rule by the poor and Aristotle believed that it should be the rule of everyone or the many. Therefore, the mixture of democracy and oligarchy was essential to Aristotle for the sake of polity. Being a just person can lead to a life of virtue, which is acquired by noble actions and experience, in contrast with Platos ideology of perfect forms in the human mind being to abstract and delusional. However, Aristotles notion is to pursue a virtuous life by making right choices and learning from mistakes, which is very good because human beings are not perfect. Happiness would be considered the end of a human being and its acquired by virtue according to Aristotle and making choices on whether to be or not to be a just person. His perspective revolved around people living in communities or political communities and that politics was a characteristic for the well-being. He also incorporated public education being the means of a community and through the development of practical wisdom because he wanted people to learn from their mistakes, stating that there is no perfect idea of a society. When an individual acquired happiness, which was the highest good over their course of life, it was done by pursuing virtue and noble actions. Therefore, Aristotles theory involves a fair political view where there is a higher class, lower class, but more importantly, a massive middle class where everyone must participate in politics. In accordance to Aristotles and its success can be determined by the happiness of the citizens. Where each citizen has acquired the point of where they derive in moderation and are capable of distinguishing the means and the extremes and the good of society. He criticized Sparta on their austere culture and the citizen structure of a military society because he genuinely believed that it was not a content community. He did not lack humane values and he emphasized on how people should exercise virtue in relations to others. In essence, Aristotles theory offers a well established broad and fair view of a justice for a society and politics.

Wars are Not Good for the Economy Essay -- Economics War

One of the more enduring myths in Western society is that wars are somehow good for the economy. Many people see a great deal of evidence to support this myth, after all World War II came directly after the Great Depression. This faulty belief stems from a misunderstanding of the economic way of thinking. The standard "a war gives the economy a boost" argument goes as follows: Let's suppose that the economy is in the low end of the business cycle, so we're in a recession or just a period of low economic growth. The unemployment rate is high, people may be making less purchases than they were a year or two ago, and overall output is flat. But then the country decides to prepare for war! The government needs to equip its soldiers with the extra gear and munitions needed in order to win the war. Corporations win contracts to supply boots, and bombs and vehicles to the army. Many of these companies will have to hire extra workers in order to meet this increased production. If the preparations for war are large enough, large numbers of workers will be hired reducing the unemployment rate. Other workers may need to be hired to cover reservists in private sector jobs who get sent overseas. With the unemployment rate down we have more people spending again and people who had jobs before will be less worried about losing their job in the future so they'll spend more than they did. This extra spending will help the retail sector, who will need to hire extra employees causing unemployment to drop even further. A spiral of positive economic activity is created by the government preparing for war, if you believe the story. The flawed logic of the story is an example of something economists call The Broken Window Fallacy. The Broken ... ... a factor of production which will certainly help economic growth. 2. Stability and Economic Growth in the Middle East If peace can somehow be established in the Middle East, the U.S. government might not have to spend as much money on the military as they do now. If the economies of the countries in the middle east become more stable and experience growth, this will give them more opportunities to trade with the United States, improving both the economies of those countries and the U.S. Personally I do not see those factors outweighing the short term costs of the war in Iraq, but you can make a case for them. In the short term, however, the economy will decline due to the war as shown by the Broken Window Fallacy. Next time you hear someone discuss the economic benefits of the war, please tell them a little story about a window breaker and a shopkeeper.

Measuring Training Effectiveness Through Kirk’s Model Essay

If you deliver training for your team or your organization, then you probably know how important it is to measure its effectiveness. After all, you don’t want to spend time or money on training that doesn’t provide a good return. This is where Kirkpatrick’s Four-Level Training Evaluation Model can help you objectively analyze the effectiveness and impact of your training, so that you can improve it in the future. In this article, we’ll look at each of the Kirkpatrick four levels, and we’ll examine how you can apply the model to evaluate training. We’ll also look at some of the situations where the model may not be useful. The Four Levels Donald Kirkpatrick, Professor Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin and past president of the American Society for Training and Development (ASTD), first published his Four-Level Training Evaluation Model in 1959, in the US Training and Development Journal. The model was then updated in 1975, and again in 1994, when he published his best-known work, â€Å"Evaluating Training Programs.† The four levels are: Reaction. Learning. Behavior. Results. Let’s look at each level in greater detail. Level 1: Reaction This level measures how your trainees (the people being trained), reacted to the training. Obviously, you want them to feel that the training was a valuable experience, and you want them to feel good about the instructor, the topic, the material, its presentation, and the venue. It’s important to measure reaction, because it helps you understand how well the training was received by your audience. It also helps you improve the training for future trainees, including identifying important areas or topics that are missing from the training. Level 2: Learning At level 2, you measure what your trainees have learned. How much has their knowledge increased as a result of the training? When you planned the training session, you hopefully started with a list of specific learning objectives: these should be the starting point for your measurement. Keep in mind that you can measure learning in different ways depending on these objectives, and depending on whether you’re interested in changes to knowledge, skills, or attitude. It’s important to measure this, because knowing what your trainees are learning and what they aren’t will help you improve future training. Level 3: Behavior At this level, you evaluate how far your trainees have changed their behavior, based on the training they received. Specifically, this looks at how trainees apply the information. It’s important to realize that behavior can only change if conditions are favorable. For instance, imagine you’ve skipped measurement at the first two Kirkpatrick levels and, when looking at your group’s behavior, you determine that no behavior change has taken place. Therefore, you assume that your trainees haven’t learned anything and that the training was ineffective. However, just because behavior hasn’t changed, it doesn’t mean that trainees haven’t learned anything. Perhaps their boss won’t let them apply new knowledge. Or, maybe they’ve learned everything you taught, but they have no desire to apply the knowledge themselves. Level 4: Results At this level, you analyze the final results of your training. This includes outcomes that you or your organization have determined to be good for business, good for the employees, or good for the bottom line. How to Apply the Model Level 1: Reaction Start by identifying how you’ll measure reaction. Consider addressing these questions: Did the trainees feel that the training was worth their time? Did they think that it was successful? What were the biggest strengths of the training, and the biggest weaknesses? Did they like the venue and presentation style? Did the training session accommodate their personal learning styles? Next, identify how you want to measure these reactions. To do this you’ll typically useemployee satisfaction surveys or questionnaires; however you can also watch trainees’ body language during the training, and get verbal feedback by asking trainees directly about their experience. Once you’ve gathered this information, look at it carefully. Then, think about what changes you could make, based on your trainees’ feedback and suggestions. Level 2: Learning To measure learning, start by identifying what you want to evaluate. (These things could be changes in knowledge, skills, or attitudes.) It’s often helpful to measure these areas both before and after training. So, before training commences, test your trainees to determine their knowledge, skill levels, and attitudes. Once training is finished, test your trainees a second time to measure what they have learned, or measure learning with interviews or verbal assessments. Level 3: Behavior It can be challenging to measure behavior effectively. This is a longer-term activity that should take place weeks or months after the initial training. Consider these questions: Did the trainees put any of their learning to use? Are trainees able to teach their new knowledge, skills, or attitudes to other people? Are trainees aware that they’ve changed their behavior? One of the best ways to measure behavior is to conduct observations and interviews over time. Also, keep in mind that behavior will only change if conditions are favorable. For instance, effective learning could have taken place in the training session. But, if the overall organizational culture isn’t set up for any behavior changes, the trainees might not be able to apply what they’ve learned. Alternatively, trainees might not receive support, recognition, or reward for their behavior change from their boss. So, over time, they disregard the skills or knowledge that they have learned, and go back to their old behaviors. Level 4: Results Of all the levels, measuring the final results of the training is likely to be the most costly and time consuming. The biggest challenges are identifying which outcomes, benefits, or final results are most closely linked to the training, and coming up with an effective way to measure these outcomes over the long term. Here are some outcomes to consider, depending on the objectives of your training: Increased employee retention. Increased production. Higher morale. Reduced waste. Increased sales. Higher quality ratings. Increased customer satisfaction. Fewer staff complaints. Considerations Although Kirkpatrick’s Four-Level Training Evaluation Model is popular and widely used, there are a number of considerations that need to be taken into account when using the model. One issue is that it can be time-consuming and expensive to use levels 3 or 4 of the model, so it’s not practical for all organizations and situations. This is especially the case for organizations that don’t have a dedicated training or human resource department, or for one-off training sessions or programs. In a similar way, it can be expensive and resource intensive to â€Å"wire up an organization† to collect data with the sole purpose of evaluating training at levels 3 and 4. (Whether or not this is practical depends on the systems already in place within the organization.) The model also assumes that each level’s importance is greater than the last level, and that all levels are linked. For instance, it implies that Reaction is less important, ultimately, than Results, and that reactions must be positive for learning to take place. In practice, this may not be the case. Most importantly, organizations change in many ways, and behaviors and results change depending on these, as well as on training. For example, measurable improvements in areas like retention and productivity could result from the arrival of a new boss or from a new computer system, rather than from training. Kirkpatrick’s model is great for trying to evaluate training in a â€Å"scientific† way, however, so many variables can be changing in fast-changing organizations that analysis at level 4 can be limited in usefulness. Key Points The Kirkpatrick Four-Level Training Evaluation Model helps trainers to measure the effectiveness of their training in an objective way. The model was originally created by Donald Kirkpatrick in 1959, and has since gone through several updates and revisions. The Four-Levels are as follows: Reaction. Learning. Behavior. Results. By going through and analyzing each of these four levels, you can gain a thorough understanding of how effective your training was, and how you can improve in the future. Bear in mind that the model isn’t practical in all situations, and that measuring the effectiveness of training with the model can be time-consuming and use a lot of resources.

A New Antibiotic Kills Pathogens - 875 Words

Antibiotics are secondary metabolites expressed by a microorganism against other microorganisms as a means to compete for limited resources and are thought to have originated from soil-dwelling microbes (D’costa). Many of our current antibiotic therapies were derived directly from soil-dwelling microorganisms, including but not limited to Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Penicillium (cite). Therefore, it is logical that the search for novel antibiotic therapies should continue with soil microbes. Unfortunately, isolation of potential antibiotic drugs from soil microorganisms remains a challenge. Over 99% of microbial life is incapable of being cultured via traditional methods (Lewis). This means that new culturing approaches are required to isolate potential antibiotic producers. Fortunately, progress has recently been made in this endeavor. The methods that follow have been derived from a paper published in Nature in January 2015, titled â€Å"A new antibiotic kills pathogens wit hout detectable resistance.† Utilizing a new means of culturing soil microbes, researchers discovered a previously uncharacterized antibiotic, teixobactin, derived from a ÃŽ ²-proteobacteria called Eleftheria terrae (Ling). The techniques utilized in this paper have shown that there are untapped resources for antimicrobial therapies yet to be discovered. Soil samples can be taken from various geographic locations and depths. Utilizing a culturing device called an iChip, researchers can better replicate theShow MoreRelatedThe Human Immune System Essay629 Words   |  3 Pagesbody to fight diseases, as well as pathogens, the disease-causing factors. It is mainly composed of the tonsils and adenoids, the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels, the spleen, appendix, and bone marrow. 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